De la naissance à la mort, l’humain dans la communauté moaaga est un potentiel apprenant. Il n’y a pas d’âge pour apprendre et le cycle de l’éducation est si long qu’il s’achève probablement avec la mort. Au nombre des rites qui rythment l’éducation de l’enfant, il y a l’initiation qui est désignée en moore sous l’appellation keoogo. C’est un espace de réclusion des futurs initiés où l’étape la plus emblématique de l’initiation est la circoncision. Le choix de la date et l’espace du keoogo sont soumis à la volonté des ancêtres. C’est dans ce sens qu’une prière introductive est prononcée par les prêtres de la terre pour implorer l’assistance des aïeux au profit des candidats à l’initiation. En écoutant cette prière, on se rend compte qu’elle est construite autour d’espaces sacrés caractéristiques de la foi des Moose. En posant la problématique de l’espace dans la prière introductive du ke...

Résumé Congo est un recueil poétique d’Alain Mabanckou qui oscille entre heurs et malheurs, entre espoir et désespoir, entre drame et renaissance du Congo. Ce recueil compte trois poèmes inégalement répartis : « Du lecteur congolais » (3 pages) ; « Du Voyage au Congo » (2 pages) et enfin « Curriculum Vitae » (65 pages). Ce dernier poème charrie autant de souvenirs douloureux sur l’histoire politique et sociale du Congo-Brazzaville natal de l’auteur. Au-delà de ces troubles politiques, « Curriculum Vitae » est un poème d’espérance. Les réalités du Congo sont dépeintes dans son poème par une double voix : un narrateur en nous (qui exprime un sujet collectif) et un narrateur en « je » (exprimant un sujet individuel). Cette réflexion a montré que le sujet collectif (nous) vit dans un drame, mais le sujet « je » individuel porte l’espoir du Congo.

Sweet stalk sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a type of sorghum characterized by the sugary juice in its fresh stalk. It is predominantly cultivated in Burkina Faso for its stalk, which is consumed as a snack. However, sweet stalk sorghum remains underutilized in Burkina Faso due to the lack of awareness of its vast potential. Furthermore, few investigations on sweet stalk sorghum were carried out by research programs in Burkina Faso, except preliminary studies initiated by the Plant Genetics and Breeding Team of the University of Ouagadougou in 2008. This review seeks to consolidate findings from various research efforts on this crop, specifically focusing on indigenous knowledge, genetic diversity, and nutritional value, with the aim of proposing strategies for varietal improvement and broader utilization in Burkina Faso. A critical analysis of the key findings on sweet stalk so...

Anaemia is a global public health problem that particularly affects pregnant women and children. Anaemia during pregnancy has harmful consequences for the health of both mother and foetus. However, little is known about the risk factors for targeted interventions. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with anaemia in pregnant women in the central region of Burkina Faso at the time of the malaria peak and the period of food availability. An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out on 159 pregnant women attending for initial antenatal care between October and January 2022. Sociodemographic, obstetrical, nutritional and biological data were collected. Anaemia was defined as a haemoglobin concentration of less than 11 g/dl. The Chi-square test and bivariate analysis were used to identify factors associated with anaemia during pregnancy. The stud...

Taro leaf blight is considered the most destructive disease affecting taro worldwide. In the Sudanian climatic zone of Burkina Faso, the disease has led to a consistent decline in taro production over recent years. Aims: The current research study was aimed to determine the incidence and the severity of taro leaf blight in various taro fields in three provinces of the sudanian climate zone. Methodology: Plant growing conditions were assessed in 27 fields. Data on healthy and diseased plants, and leaves per plant, were collected within 64 m² quadrats. Disease incidence was the percentage of infected plants per field. Severity was rated on a 12-point scale (0–11) and converted to percentage of affected leaf area, averaged over 10 plants per field. Infestation intensity was calculated as the ratio of infected to total leaves per plant. Place and Duration of Study: Surveys were conducted...

Due to a lack of resources, the diagnosis of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a challenge in Burkina Faso and West Africa, making MRSA surveillance difficult. In our study, we included 33 beta-lactam resistant S. aureus isolates from the Ouagadougou region which we further tested for susceptibility to cefoxitin using standard methods.Isolates resistant to cefoxitin were further investigated using Chrom MRSA ID® agar medium. In addition, genetic determinants including the mecA gene and SCCmec cassettes were searched using conventional PCR. Fourteen isolates (42.42%) were resistant to cefoxitin, out of which six (18.18%) tested positive when using the Chrom MRSA ID ® agar medium. Six S. aureus isolates (18.18%) tested positive for mecA, and seven (21.21%) tested positive for the SCCmec IVa cassette. This study described circulating MRSA in the city of Ouagadougou. Thes...

Uncontrolled urbanizations, combined with lack of management strategies in low-income countries, have raised big concern about the sustainability of urban centers, particularly in West Africa. The increasing human pressures, climate variability, and inconsistency of policies have exacerbated the urban crisis in West Africa. For this reason, we have updated the reviews of potential threats in urban environments, including water bodies, and addressed holistic approaches for successful integrated management of urban centers. To do so, the method used in the study is based on a detailed tracking of specific keywords in the literature using Google Scholar, ResearchGate, Academia.edu, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. Based on recent relevant literatures, we have conceptualized knowledge on pressures in urban areas and their interactions with their relationships to water quality. We f...

Résumé La santé est considérée aujourd’hui comme un bien faisant l’objet de marchandage. Nonobstant cet état de fait, une controverse existe sur les méthodes et les techniques de sa vente. Une des formes la plus critiquée est la corruption et autres pratiques assimilées des actes de soins dans les services publics de santé. L’objectif de cette recherche est de faire un état des lieux du phénomène et de ses conséquences, sur la qualité du service public de santé et des relations soignants – soignés dans les structures sanitaires publiques dans la ville de Bobo-Dioulasso. La démarche de recherche est fondée sur les principes des devis mixtes simultanés avec triangulation. Elle a consisté à réaliser une enquête par questionnaire et des entretiens individuels semi-directifs auprès des soignants, des soignés, des autorités sanitaires et des responsables des organisations professionne...

Today, many countries around the world, particularly in Africa, are experiencing post-election difficulties due to unexpected election results. This sometimes provokes protests and revolt among the population. To overcome this major problem, several voting systems have been developed in the literature, but some of them are not lacking in shortcomings. It was with this in mind that the voting method based on the evaluation of the mean deviation was born. It's a voting system that seems to be appreciated because it respects a certain number of fundamental properties of a ranking method. On the other hand, we note in the literature that it is only applicable to small-scale data with an insignificant number of candidates and voters. For this reason, we set ourselves the goal of implementing this method in order to extend its use to large-scale problems. Thus, we proposed the co...

The evolution of 5G New Radio (NR) technology offers unprecedented speeds, ultra-low latency, and the capability to connect billions of devices. However, these advancements come with significant challenges, particularly in managing interference during uplink communication. This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the optimization of 5G NR uplink performance by focusing on two critical channels: the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) and the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH). The research explores the impact of intra-cell and inter-cell interference on these channels, highlighting how various User Equipment (UE) and cell configuration parameters influence performance. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) such as Block Error Rate (BLER) and Correct Detection Rate (CDR) are utilized to assess the effectiveness of proposed interference management strategies. Through r...