African countries are desperate to tackle high level of unemployment, particularly among young people. In this paper, we examine the impact of access to the banking sector on employment in Africa using micro-level data from the sixth round of Afrobarometer surveys. The sample covers more than 53,000 people from 36 African countries. After controlling for several covariates and addressing the endogeneity issue, we find that having access to the banking sector increases the probability of being employed by nearly 15 percent. Our results are robust to alternative specifications. The findings of this paper support the view that African countries should implement policies aiming at improving the access to the banking sector to boost jobs creation and address the issue of unemployment in the continent.

Objectives: Less than 25% of people living with HIV (PLWHIV) achieved plasma viral load (PVL) in 2020 in Burkina Faso. This study aimed to identify factors associated with access to PVL in Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among PLWHIV in Burkina Faso between April 15 and August 8, 2022. The proportion of PLWHIV with PVL after at least 6 months of treatment was calculated, and the associated factors were determined by logistic regression. Results: A total of 308 PLWHIV were included in the study; 64.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 58.3-71.5) of PLWHIVs had PVL, 66.2% (95% CI 52.1-80.3) among men. Therapeutic education on the importance of PVL was associated with a 1.79-fold increase in the chance of achieving PVL (adjusted odds ratio [ORa] 2.32, 95% CI 1.42-3.78, P = 0.01). Also, a PLWHIV followed at th...

Objectives: Less than 25% of people living with HIV (PLWHIV) achieved plasma viral load (PVL) in 2020 in Burkina Faso. This study aimed to identify factors associated with access to PVL in Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among PLWHIV in Burkina Faso between April 15 and August 8, 2022. The proportion of PLWHIV with PVL after at least 6 months of treatment was calculated, and the associated factors were determined by logistic regression. Results: A total of 308 PLWHIV were included in the study; 64.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 58.3-71.5) of PLWHIVs had PVL, 66.2% (95% CI 52.1-80.3) among men. Therapeutic education on the importance of PVL was associated with a 1.79-fold increase in the chance of achieving PVL (adjusted odds ratio [ORa] 2.32, 95% CI 1.42-3.78, P = 0.01). Also, a PLWHIV followed at the medical ce...

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the technical quality of endodontic access cavities performed by M1 and M2 students during the clinical teaching of endodontics. Materials and Methods: The study population consisted of patients who came for consultation in the clinic of the Conservative Odontology-Endodontics Department of the Institute of Odontology and Stomatology of Dakar. The inclusion criteria were for teeth for which endodontic treatment was indicated and an access cavity was performed for the first time and exclusively by a student as part of the clinical training in endodontics. A survey form was drawn up containing the following headings: contour shape, visibility of canal entrances, body shape, and accidents along the way (stop, perforations, or flattening of the pulp floor). The chi-squared test was used to compare quantitat...

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) play a pivotal role in the advancement of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), facilitating real-time communication among vehicles (V2V) and between vehicles and infrastructure (V2I). However, maintaining reliable Quality of Service (QoS) in these dynamic environments remains challenging due to high mobility, frequent topology changes and interference. This paper proposes a robust cross-layer framework that integrates channel prediction and dynamic rate adaptation to address these challenges. The framework employs advanced multi-user detection techniques, including matched filters, successive interference cancellation (SIC), decorrelators and MMSE receivers, combined with adaptive multi-factor spreading, multi-code and multi-modulation transmission strategies. The study evaluates the framework’s performance through extensive simulations using a Sof...

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are critical for the advancement of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), enabling real-time vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications. However, ensuring Quality of Service (QoS) in VANETs is challenging due to high mobility, dynamic topologies, and interference. This study evaluates the performance of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols implemented on a Software-Defined Radio (SDR) platform to address these challenges. The research highlights the use of QoS-prescribed scheduling algorithms and multi-user detection techniques to optimize key performance metrics such as packet delivery ratio (PDR), throughput, and scalability. Simulation results demonstrate significant improvements under varying mobility and channel conditions, achieving stable communication and high user capacity in both fixed and hig...