Comparative Study of the Nutritional, Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Potential of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] from Burkina Faso

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Résumé

Background: The soybean crop plays a crucial role in Burkina Faso’s agricultural sector and contributes significantly to food
security and nutrition. The study aimed to evaluate the nutritional composition and antioxidant potential of soybean cultivated in
Burkina Faso.
Methods: A total of 40 soybean varieties cultivated in 2022 at two sites in Burkina Faso were analyzed using standard methods for
six parameters, including total phenolic, total flavonoid, total protein, soluble sugars, phytic acid, DPPH radical scavenging activity
and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Total phenolic ranged from 1.769 to 2.923 µg GAE/100 mg, total flavonoid from 0.008
to 0.031 µg QE/100 mg, total protein from 1.526 to 2.021 mg/100 mg, soluble sugar from 107.6 to 228.1 µg GE/100 mg and phytic acid
concentration from 130.9 to 378.0 µg APE/100 mg. Antioxidant activity varied from 0.786 to 2.282 µg AAE/100 mg for DPPH and from
0.019 to 0.079 µg AAE/100 mg dw for FRAP.
Result: Four soybean varieties, GPV12, GPV17, GPV22 and GMV19 are characterized by high nutrient content, particularly total
protein and soluble sugars. The GPV3, GPV6 and GPV8 lines are distinguished by their high concentration of bioactive compounds,
such as total phenolic compounds and total flavonoids. In contrast, the GPV4 and GPV5 varieties have relatively high levels of
antinutrients. The varieties with high nutritional potential could help strengthen the resilience of poor households against food
insecurity in Sub-Saharan Africa

Mots-clés

Burkina faso, Glycine max, Nutrients, Phytochemicals compounds.