This study analyzes the prevalence and sociodemographic factors associated with unmet need for contraception among women in union in sub-Saharan Africa. Using secondary data from recent Demographic and Health Surveys, statistical tests revealed an overall prevalence of 20.7% of unmet need for contraception (13.9% for birth spacing and 6.8% for birth control). Furthermore, multinomial logistic regression shows that women aged 25-34 and 35-49 years have a reduced risk of unmet need for spacing but an increased risk for control. Women who have reached their desired fertility have a reduced need for spacing [RRR=0.87; CI=0.80-0.95, p<0.01], while those with unwanted children have an increased need for control [RRR=3.80; CI=0.80-0.95, p<0.01]. CI=3.50-4.12, p<0.001]. Similarly, women living with a partner have a higher risk of unmet need for spacing [RRR=1.07; CI=1.01-1.13, p<0.05], but those...

The main objective of this work is to study the existence and uniqueness of the square-mean (μ, ν)-pseudo almost automorphic solution of class r in the α-norm for a stochastic partial functional differential equation. For this purpose, we use the Banach contraction principle and the techniques of fractional powers of an operator to obtain the required results. An illustrative example is provided.

In many low and middle-income countries, adult mortality estimates are derived from surveys and censuses conducted through face-to-face interviews. These interviews can be time-intensive and are often impractical during health crises or humanitarian emergencies. The expansion in cellphone ownership and network coverage has created new opportunities for collecting demographic data through mobile phone surveys, but our understanding of selection biases and reporting errors of such data remains incomplete. This study reports on adult mortality estimates obtained through mobile phone surveys conducted in Burkina Faso, Malawi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2021 and 2022. To mitigate respondent fatigue and network interruptions, we used a shortened version of the set of questions generally used in surveys to ask about the survival of respondents’ siblings. Mortality estimates obta...

Objectives: This article analyzes the factors associated with neonatal mortality in Burkina Faso, as well as the communal inequalities in this mortality.Methods: The analysis is based on data from the 2021 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). It draws on a representative sample of 7,225 children. The determinants of mortality were examined using a log-binomial regression model. For the analysis of geospatial inequalities, the Richardson method was applied to classify communes according to their probability of achieving SDG target 3.2.2 by 2030, distinguishing areas with low, medium, and high likelihoods of attainment.Results: The analysis reveals an excess risk of neonatal mortality linked to male sex, multiple births, short birth intervals, low maternal education, and limited access to health services. According to the Richardson classification, all communes are on track to meet SDG tar...

Agroecology is recognized as a resilient agricultural system amid the ecological crisis, but also as a social movement working towards better livelihoods for farmers. In Burkina Faso, the dynamics among actors promoting agroecology are not well understood. Effec- tive governance of the agroecological transition necessitates a deeper comprehension of the interactions and networks involved. This study aims to identify, characterize, and an- alyze local actors and their networks to enhance governance for agroecological transition, focusing on two north and south-west regions of Burkina Faso to highlight regional dif- ferences. Using the Agricultural Knowledge and Information Systems (AKIS) as a concep- tual framework, we conducted a literature review and facilitated focus group discussions during a workshop with stakeholders. Key participants include farmers, service provid- ers, r...

Background and Aim: Infectious diseases nowadays are caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria, making their management both difficult and costly. In Gram-negative bacilli, several enzymes particularly ESBLs and carbapenemases allow to counteract the antibiotic effect of nearly all β lactams. This leads to a dilemma for clinicians who increasingly include last-resort drugs in therapeutic options. The objective of this study is to focus attention on the precarious situation of antibiotic drugs, even those considered last-resort like colistin. It aims precisely to characterize the blaCTX-M-G1, blaIPM, blaVIM genes and the mcr gene in Gram-negative bacilli producing ESBL. Methodology: A total of 60 strains of Gram-negative bacilli isolated from clinical samplesbetween December 2022 and March 2023 at Shiphra Hospital in Ouagadougou were first subjected to sensitivity test again...

Annona senegalensis is a multipurpose wild shrub mainly used for food and traditional medicine by local people in tropical African. During its fruiting period, especially at the green fruit stage, this plant harbors an important community of insects such as various ant species (Formicidae) and the planthopper Hilda undata Walker (Tettigometridae). This study aimed at understanding the role of ants on Annona senegalensis during the fruiting period. Insect visitors of green fruits of Annona senegalensis were collected randomly on 30 green fruits from 30 plants per site, at four sites across the Sudanian and Sudano-Sahelian climatic zones of Burkina Faso, from June to July 2020. The behavior of insects was observed in the field. HPLC analyses of sugar profiles of the extrafloral nectar of green fruits, ants and Hilda undata were carried out in the laboratory to determine whether ants were f...

Sweet stalk sorghum is grown in Burkina Faso primarily for its grain, forage, and sugar-rich stalks. However, its productivity is heavily reliant on rainfall, and the variability in annual precipitation significantly limits its contribution to household food security. In this context, identifying droughttolerant genotypes with stable performance is a key breeding priority. This study evaluated the agronomic performance of sweet stalk sorghum genotypes over two consecutive growing seasons (2022 and 2023). Field trials were conducted at the Gampéla research station using an alpha lattice design with three replications. The genetic material comprised 120 local genotypes and one stay-green check variety (B35). Fourteen agronomic traits were measured. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant seasonal effects for 12 traits. Multivariate analysis, supported by mean comparisons, identif...

In this paper, we give some contributions to the analysis of the behavior of the extremes of a category of random variables (r.v.) of geometric type. First, we exhibit a subsequence making certain r.v. of integer part converge. Then we prove the convergence in law of extremes of a sequence of geometric type r.v. Finally, we prove the mean convergence of the extremes of a sequence of geometric type r.v.

We consider a reaction-diffusion model with homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions to describe fish and zooplankton dynamics. We also introduce two important elements: fishing and cannibalism effect in the dynamics using a non linear functional responses. In the mathematical analysis, global attractor, persistence conditions and the stability of all equilibrium states are studied. We obtained sufficient conditions to ensure the global stability of the non trivial positive state by using a Lyapunov function. Hopf bifurcations and Turing instability are studies. We end by the numerical experiments to illustrate the analytical results in the different fish exploited and unexploited ecosystem.