Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health challenge in Africa, where HIV prevalence varies considerably across countries but remains, overall, higher than the global average. Limited diagnostic capacity and the growing emergence of antimicrobial resistance further contribute to unfavorable treatment outcomes. Bacterial and fungal coinfections may complicate TB diagnosis and treatment, yet evidence from Africa remains fragmented. This systematic review aimed to synthesize available data on the prevalence, microbiological profiles, antimicrobial resistance patterns, and clinical implications of bacterial and fungal coinfections among TB patients in Africa. A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines. PubMed/MEDLINE, ProQuest Central, and African Journals Online were searched for studies reporting bacterial and/or fungal coinfections among TB...

Escherichia coli is a major inhabitant of the intestinal tract of most mammalian species, including humans and animals. This bacterium is classified into four main phylogenetic groups (A, B1, B2, D), with pathogenic strains primarily belong ing to group B2 and, to a lesser extent, group D. This study investigated the correlation between E. coli phylogenetic groups and antibiotic resistance by analyzing 144 strains (95 clinical, 49 food-derived). Species identification was con firmed via uidA gene PCR, and antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production was determined through the double synergy test, and phylogenetic classification was performed using triplex PCR. Clinical isolates exhibited high resistance to cephalosporins (up to 56%) and fluoroquinolones (57%), whereas food-derived str...

Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), a plant in the Malvaceae family, is of vital importance because its leaves, calyxes and seeds are all consumed. However, this species is still absent from genetic improvement programs in Burkina Faso. The aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of its genetic potential and how this potential is expressed under agro­ecological intensification conditions in a real environment. To do this, six genotypes were tested with cropping practices such as organic fertilization and sowing densities. Qualitative and quantitative traits were measured, as well as the susceptibility of genotypes to attacks by jassids. The results revealed differences in the color, shape and physiological characteristics of the plants. Genotypes differed in growth cycle length, with HSE6 showing a s...

Tea preparation conditions can influence the recovery of bioactive compounds and the antioxidant properties of the resulting beverage. This study compared the effects of heating time and extraction procedure on ten commercial tea samples consumed in Burkina Faso. Each sample underwent two successive decoctions at 100 °C for either 30 min or 1 h and three successive hydro-methanolic macerations. The extracts were examined through qualitative phytochemical screening, quantitative determination of total phenolics, total flavonoids and theophylline, and antioxidant assessment using DPPH, FRAP and SOD assays. Sterols and triterpenes, flavonoid aglycones, tannins and saponins were detected in all extracts. Simida tea showed the highest reported total phenolic content in the decoction extracts (29.42 ± 1.04 mg GAE/100 mg), whereas Moringa tea showed the highest total flavonoid content (5.581 ±...

Program Increment (PI) Planning is a critical synchronization event in scaled Agile methodologies, yet remains largely informal, with limited analytical rigor or strategic alignment. This paper introduces a formal metamodel and a model-driven framework to support structured PI Planning in large-scale software development. Our metamodel captures essential planning artifacts, including features, teams, iterations, risks, and dependencies, and is enriched with OCL constraints for validation and traceability. We extend the model to align planning with business value streams and introduce stakeholder-specific viewpoints for tailored analysis. Compared to tools like Jira or Mural, our approach provides formal semantics, automated reasoning, and extensibility. This work lays the foundation for a Domain-Specific Language (DSL) for PI Planning, bridging the gap between Agile practice and formal m...

Effective utilization of plant genetic resources requires agro-morphological evaluation of collections across diverse growing regions. The objectives of this study are to assess genetic diversity and estimate genetic parameters through morphological traits of Bambara groundnut. The study was conducted over two growing seasons at the SUSTLIVES project site in Gampela (Central Burkina Faso) using an RCBD with three replicates. A total of eight qualitative and eight quantitative traits were used to estimate variability within a collection of 153 landraces. The results revealed a substantial variability in all the qualitative traits, with the number of modalities ranging from 2 to 10, seed color being the variable trait. Based on qualitative traits related to seed, the landraces were grouped into 12 morpho-groups. The analysis of variance showed the presence of significant variation between...

Quorum sensing (QS) is a system of intercellular communication and regulation of the transcription of resistance, virulence, and pathogenicity genes. The aim of this study was to identify genetic markers controlling quorum sensing in multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa and E. coli. A set of fifty (50) strains, composed of P. aeruginosa (30) and E. coli (20), were isolated from animal products. These strains underwent phenotypic and biochemical identification. Antibiotic resistance profiles were determined by the Muller-Hinton agar diffusion method. Quorum sensing markers (LasI/LasR) and (RhlI/RhlR) were detected by PCR. The prevalence of the Las gene (LasI/LasR) and the Rhl gene (RhlI/RhlR) was 80% and 60%, respectively, in P. aeruginosa. In E. coli, the prevalence of QS genes was 40% for Las (LasI/LasR) and 40% for Rhl (RhlI/RhlR). The total prevalence of the Las gene an...

Phosphorus (P) deficiency limits crop productivity in weathered tropical soils of sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Lixisols where P availability is low. Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms may improve P use efficiency and support sustainable crop production. This study evaluated the phosphate-solubilizing and plant growth-promoting potential of microbial strains under Lixisol conditions. Six distinct strains with contrasting taxonomy and P-cycling traits were assessed for inorganic P solubilization and organic P mineralization in vitro using tricalcium phosphate, sodium phytate, and Burkina Faso phosphate rock (BPR). Their ability to mobilize soil P was tested in a pot experiment with cowpea grown in two contrasting Lixisols amended with BPR. In vitro P solubilization was associated with acidification and the presence of phosphate-cycling genes (gcd, pqqE, aphA, phnX). However, this...

Mung bean(Vigna radiata), introduced into Burkina Faso in the 1980s, remains underused in rural production systems. This study evaluated the response of the Benga tigrévariety to fertilisation and sowing density to identify a suitable management combination under the conditions of the Saria research station. The experiment used a randomised complete block design with three replications and combined five fertilisationtreatments—NPK (100 kg/ha), station compost (2,500 kg/ha), Jatropha compost (2,500 kg/ha), station compost plus NPK, and Jatropha compost plus NPK—with six sowing densities. Emergence rate, days to 50% flowering, days to 50% maturity, 1,000-grain weight, pod yield, and grain yield were assessed. Data were analysed using GenStat 12th Edition, and treatment means were compared using the Bonferroni test at the 5% le...

Child survival has improved considerably over the past decades in sub-Saharan Africa, yet preventable risk factors such as closely spaced births continue to threaten progress, especially in fragile contexts. This study examines the association between interbirth intervals and under-five survival in Burkina Faso using data from five rounds of Demographic and Health Surveys conducted between 1993 and 2021. The study combines descriptive survival analysis (e.g., Kaplan–Meier curves, log-rank tests) with Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the adjusted association between interbirth intervals and under-five mortality, while controlling for maternal, child, household, and contextual characteristics. The results show that short interbirth intervals (<24 months) are consistently associated with excess mortality, following a markedly non-linear trajectory: the adjusted hazard ratio decli...