ntroduction. Le noma est un enjeu majeur de santé publique dans la région du Sahel au Burkina Faso. Pour lutter contre ce fléau, des acteurs se sont mobilisés pour construire un projet en s’appuyant sur l’état des connaissances de la population et des professionnels sur cette pathologie. But de l’étude. Étude descriptive sur les connaissances, attitudes et pratiques relatives au noma et à la santé bucco-dentaire dans la région du Sahel en 2012. Résultat. Bien que la population ne connaisse pas le terme « noma », les symptômes en sont généralement connus. Les connaissances des causes d’altération de la santé bucco-dentaire sont plus confuses. Si la population est consciente des besoins d’hygiène dentaire et du possible rôle de l’alimentation, des efforts de sensibilisation sont nécessaires. Une faille réside dans les capacités du système de santé. Les agents de santé sont insuff...

Aims: Urbanization in African cities has led to significant public health challenges, largely attributable to inadequate sanitation infrastructure. Poor surface water quality is the source of the spread of communicable diseases. This study aimed to examine parasite contamination in surface waters in the city of Ouagadougou. Study Design: A parasitological study was conducted on six water bodies in the city of Ouagadougou, from May 2023 to June 2024. Methodology: Water samples were collected during the rainy and dry seasons. A multiparameter device was used to measure the pH, temperature, electric conductivity, and total dissolved solids (TDS) of water on site. Samples were subjected to microscopic examination after the modified Bailenger method and the modified Ziehl–Neelsen technique. The prevalence of parasites was compared by site and season using a chi-squared test. The effect of phy...

In the Burkinabè educational context, deaf children are exposed to affective and sensory vulnerabilities that can significantly influence their sibling relationships. These dynamics may foster a sense of belonging and emotional regulation or, conversely, heighten exclusion and stigmatization. This study examines the impact of sibling anxiety on academic performance in French and mathematics. Drawing on the theoretical frameworks of Vygotsky (1978), Bowlby (1969), and Bronfenbrenner (2000), the study was conducted with 111 participants (77 students, 24 parents, and 10 teachers) in the Kadiogo and Nando regions. Research tools included the Family Drawing Test, the Sibling Relationship Questionnaire (SRQ), interview guides, and grades from harmonized examinations. Data were processed using regression analyses (SPSS 27) and manual content analysis. The analyses indicate that sibli...

This study analyses the floristic composition and phytosanitary condition of woody species in Razoutenga forest, Burkina Faso. Using 20 randomly placed circular plots (1250 m2 each), research-ers inventoried trees ≥15 cm in diameter across 2.5 ha. The forest hosts 71 woody species from 18 genera and 9 families, with Mimosaceae, Combretaceae and Anacardiaceae being most abundant. Health assessments show 92.95% of trees are defect-free, with no desiccated crowns or dead specimens. Regeneration includes 137 juvenile plants in 20 genera. While species diversity is moderate and locally adapted, signs of anthropogenic degradation are evident. Sustainable management is urgently needed to conserve biodiversity and restore ecosystem integrity.

Background: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae represent a major clinical and public health concern due to their ability to confer resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics. Data on the molecular epidemiology of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae remain limited in many regions of Burkina Faso, particularly outside the Ouagadougou and Bobo Dioulasso. This study aimed to determine the frequency of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and to characterize the ESBL resistance genes circulating in the Boucle du Mouhoun region. Methods: A total of 1,845 clinical samples (urine, pus, blood, and semen) collected from patients attending two major healthcare facilities in Dédougou were processed during the study period. From these samples, 247 non-duplicate Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneum...

L’Afrique, et en particulier le Burkina Faso, est confrontée ces dernières années aux problématiques liées au terrorisme et à l’extrémisme violent. Fort de cela, la problématique de la violence devient un leitmotiv thématique dans les imaginaires dramaturgiques des auteurs africains, au nombre desquels Jean-Pierre GUINGANÉ. Depuis 2015, le Burkina Faso subit une crise marquée par des attaques terroristes multiformes, accompagnées de lourdes pertes humaines et de dégâts considérables À travers l’esthétique de la banalisation, et dans une tentative de « tourner la face au soleil », pour reprendre le thème de la 13ᵉ édition des Récréâtrales du 26 octobre au 2 novembre 2024, l’un des festivals de théâtre les plus renommés en Afrique, nous proposons d’explorer la problématique de la tolérance telle qu’elle est mise en scène dans La malice des hommes de Jean-Pierre GUINGANÉ.

Valorization of agricultural residues into biochar for soil applications offers dual ben-efits of waste management and sustainable agriculture. However, the mechanisms governing sandy soil and lettuce response to biochar under deficit irrigation are not well understood. TheThis study evaluated the effects of biochar types on sandy soil physio-chemicalphysiochemical properties and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) yield at different irrigation levels. A field experiment was performed using a randomized com-plete block design with four treatments (soil only, cotton stalk biochar, cashew nut-shells biochar, and a mix of cotton stalks+ cashew nutshells biochar) and three irriga-tion regimes (100%, 80, and 60% of crop water requirements ETc) in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. The results showed that biochar -amended soils had consistently higher water retention and macro nutrientsmacronutrients, resulti...

Malaria, caused by the parasite Plasmodium falciparum, remains a major public health priority in tropical regions. The Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for detecting anti-Plasmodium antibodies is an essential diagnostic tool. However, its sensitivity and specificity are closely dependent on the concentration of antigens used. This study aimed to determine the optimal antigen concentration for seven P. falciparum antigens (AMA1, MSP1, GLURP, CSP, EBA175, MSP3, and EXP1) in order to optimize the signal-to-background noise ratio of indirect ELISA tests. To achieve this, titration microplates were coated with serial dilutions of each antigen (from 2 μg/ml to 0.0625 μg/ml), incubated with patient sera, and then developed using conjugated secondary antibodies. Each antigen concentration was tested in duplicate wells (n=2), using Hyper-Immune Tanzanian (HIT) plasma at antigen-specific...

Cowpea is an essential crop in Burkina Faso’s agriculture, but its production must cope with the consequences of climate change, particularly drought, which significantly reduces yields. The mechanisms of adaptation to drought vary between species and varieties and need to be understood to develop more drought-tolerant varieties. Seven cowpea genotypes were subjected to a 21-day water deficit induced before flowering under a screen house, using plastic pots. A split-plot design with three replications was used. The water regimes included continuous watering and induction of a 21-day water deficit initiated from the 30th day after sowing (DAS). Physiological, morphological, and productivity parameters were measured before and during the water deficit application. The results demonstrated a significant depressive effect of stress conditions on the evaluated parameters. The water deficit re...

This work focuses on neural machine translation between French and Mooré, leveraging the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in a low-resource language context. Mooré is a local language widely spoken in Burkina Faso but remains underrepresented in digital resources. Alongside Mooré, French, now a working language, remains widely used in administration, education, justice, etc. The coexistence of these two languages creates a growing demand for effective translation tools. However, Mooré, like many low-resource languages, poses significant challenges for machine translation due to the scarcity of parallel corpora and its complex morphology.The main objective of this work is to adapt LLMs for French–Mooré translation. Three pre-trained models were selected: No Language Left Behind (NLLB-200), mBART50, and AfroLM. A corpus of approximately 83,000 validated sentence pairs was compi...