This study aims to evaluate the physicochemical, microbiological and nutritional quality of silage from three improved sorghum varieties (Sariaso 14, Sariaso 15 and Sariaso 16) used in livestock farming systems in Burkina Faso. The sorghum stover were harvested after the grain harvest and ensiled with four treatments: without additives, with molasses, with salt, and with molasses + salt for 120 days. After 120 days, the fermentation parameters differed according to the varieties and additives. The pH of the silages ranged from 3.71 to 4.64, with the lowest values observed in Sariaso 16 ensiled with salt. The highest titratable acidity (18.36 g/kg DM) was obtained in the molasses + salt treatments, indicating more intense fermentation. From a microbiological perspective, the aerobic bacteria loads were lowest in molasses + salt silage (3.41×10⁶ CFU/g DM) compared to the control (1×10⁷ CF...

The Republic of Guinea, like other intertropical countries, receives significant levels of global solar irradiance. However, accurate quantification of local solar energy potential is essential for its optimal utilization. In this study, the solar energy potential of the City of Mamou (Republic of Guinea) was assessed using three methods for acquiring global solar irradiance: In-situ measurements using a solarimeter (VICI Ix-107) and a pyranometer (BGT-HJX-TF), an empirical mathematical model, and satellite-based data obtained from the NASA POWER platform. The results indicated that the empirical model substantially overestimated global solar irradiance and failed to adequately capture seasonal variations. In contrast, the in-situ measurements obtained with the pyranometer showed a strong correlation with the NASA POWER data (R = 0.97). The linear regression model established between the...

The large cities and capitals of developing countries are becoming larger and more populated. These cities are modernizing day by day in order to increase the standard of living of their constantly growing population. To do this, they are equipping themselves with the latest generation of intelligent infrastructures that can make a city very autonomous. Information and communication technologies (ICT) and information technology infrastructure (ITI) are at the heart of these new autonomous cities, enabling highly integrated services and real-time city monitoring through a network of sensors, wireless devices, cameras and unified portals connected to massive data centers. The populations of these cities in developing countries are mostly poorly educated and often need help and assistance to be able to live properly in a smart city. The solution we propose is a recommendation system that wi...

Les effluents des stations d'épuration contiennent des polluants organiques, inorganiques et microbiens, représentant une source majeure de contamination des eaux et des sols. Ce travail vise à étudier le biotraitement des eaux usées en vue d’éliminer le bisphénol A (BPA), la demande chimique en oxygène (DCO), l’ammonium (NH4+) et les ortho-phosphates (PO43-). A cet effet, les bioréacteurs à membrane (BRM) ont été utilisés en raison de leur capacité à éliminer simultanément divers polluants en une seule étape. Une eau usée synthétique a été préparée pour l’application des bioréacteurs à membrane en vue d’éliminer les micropolluants réfractaires. Les résultats expérimentaux ont montré une réduction significative des micropolluants tels que 98% du BPA, 99% de la DCO, 100% de NH4+ et 74% de PO43-. La membrane a contribué également à éliminer les matières en suspension confirmant l'efficaci...

In our work, we are attempting to predict urban traffic congestion in order to address issues related to urban mobility. We believe that congestion situations have upstream causes that significantly impact urban traffic flow. Thus, to resolve the problem of traffic congestion, there are intermediate steps that allow us to understand the traffic process. First, it is crucial to fully comprehend the impact that traffic light duration has on road traffic. Secondly, we consider it equally important to understand the effect that road infrastructure design has on traffic congestion. For instance, on a given road, objects such as traffic signs, parking arrangements, and lane structures influence traffic flow. Finally, we examine the impact of meteorological factors on traffic congestion. The meteorological factors considered in our analysis include rain, wind, and visibility.

Senegalia macrostachya is a valuable shrub increasingly threatened in West Africa. The study aims to assess the impact of land use and biophysical factors on its population structure and diversity across Sudanian and Sudano-Sahelian climate zones in Burkina Faso. A total of 201 plots were sampled in three land use categories: farmlands, fallows and protected areas. In each plot, topographic variability, soil texture, woody species diversity and size of morphological traits of S. macrostachya were recorded. A significant difference (p < 0.0001) was found in woody species richness between climate zones and land use, with higher diversity in protected areas, as indicated by higher Hill index values. Population density of S. macrostachya was significantly higher in the Sudanian zone (245.06 ± 217.63 individuals/ha) than in the Sudano-Sahelian one (132.70 ± 96.03 individuals/ha). Density was...

The Vitellaria paradoxa is a key woody species in sub-Saharan Africa, supporting the livelihood of over 18.4 million people—particularly women. However, its survival and productivity are increasingly threatened by climate change, characterized by raising temperatures and reduced water availability. The species’ future resilience will depend on its physiological adaptability to shifting climatic conditions. To assess this adaptability, we studied photosynthetic performance of 24 shea trees in situ from April to December 2023 the most active period of leaf phenology across two contrasting climatic zones in Burkina Faso. We evaluated how photosynthetic efficiency responded to climatic variability over this nine-month period. Unregulated energy dissipation (φNO) and regulated energy dissipation in the form of heat (φNPQ) were significantly different (P < 0.001) between phytogeographic zones...

Les études portant sur les violences faites aux enfants sont nécessaires pour accélérer les progrès vers la prévention de cette pratique néfaste. Cette étude examine l’influence des attitudes personnelles des enfants et des normes communautaires perçues concernant la punition verbale et corporelle sur les violences subies par les enfants au Burkina Faso. L’analyse repose sur un échantillon représentatif de 5 504 enfants âgés de 12 à 17 ans, issu d’une enquête nationale réalisée entre mars et juin 2018 par l’Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Population (ISSP) dans les 13 régions du pays. Les résultats révèlent que l’acceptation de la punition verbale parentale ainsi que la perception par les enfants d’une tolérance communautaire envers la punition corporelle sont positivement associées à une exposition accrue aux violences faites aux enfants durant l’année écoulée. Ces résultats souli...

Sweet grain sorghum is exploited in Burkina Faso through the consumption of fresh grains early at the doughy stage. To identify, valorise and conserve the genetic diversity of this agricultural resource, SNPs markers are essential tools. The aim of the present study is to assess the genetic diversity of sweet grain sorghum expressed in a linear DNA sequence, and to identify SNPs. To this effect, 50 sweet grain sorghum genotypes were sequenced using DArTseq genotyping platform. The results identified 4610 polymorphic loci with a major allele frequency ≤ 95%. The SNPs identified are made up of 55.23% transitions and 44.77% transversions with an average polymorphism information content of 0.26. The expected heterozygosity value He of 0.18 shows moderate genetic diversity in sweet sorghum in Burkina Faso. The results of the PCoA and AMOVA analyses revealed that genetic diversity is more clos...

Earth, an abundant and ancient material, has been used in construction for millennia. It allows for the creation of diverse dwellings, ranging from simple houses to monumental buildings. However, despite its numerous advantages, earthen construction, particularly through Compressed Earth Blocks (CEBs), is less common than imported materials. These imported materials often fail to meet the demands of climate change, stability, and durability. In Burkina Faso, this phenomenon is particularly pronounced in Ouagadougou, the capital, where earthen architecture is often associated with the image of poor and low-quality housing. Construction represents a strategic sector for economic development, but it remains heavily dependent on expensive and energy-intensive imported materials. Compressed Earth Blocks (CEBs), made from abundant local materials, appear as a sustainable alternative. This stud...