In Burkina Faso, phytotherapy is the main medical alternative used by the population to manage various diseases, including tumors. The objective of the present study was to assess the medicinal plants with antitumor properties in the cities of Bobo Dioulasso and Fada N'Gourma and to evaluate the phytochemical and antioxidant activity of two most solicited species. In this perspective, an ethnobotanical survey using a semi-structured interviews were conducted. Then, methanolic extract was performed to quantify total phenolic and flavonoid contents using Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride reagents, respectively. The results of the ethnobotanical survey allowed us to identify 40 species belonging 32 families of medicinal plants. A total of 104 tradipraticians were surveyed in both cities. Diospyros mespiliformis hocht and Daniellia oliveri Hutch. & Dalz were retained at the end of the analysis with (7.4%) and (6.8%) as frequency of citations respectively. D. mespiliformis leaf extract had the highest total phenolic content (56.34±6.49 mg EAG/100mg) and the highest total flavonoid content (2.35±0.58 EQ/100mg) was obtained by the D. oliveri extract. The best antioxidant activity was observed in the ABTS radical inhibition method especially with the total methanolic extract of D. mespiliformis leaves (12308.15±333.09µmol EAA/g). The contents of polyphenolic compounds associate of antioxidant activities could justify the various uses of these plant species in traditional medicine.

Ethnobotany, Traditional Medicine, Polyphenols, Antioxidant