Phytochemical Profile, Adaptogenic and Neuroprotective Properties of Annona senegalensis Pers. (Annonaceae): A Medicinal Plant from Bankui Region of Burkina Faso

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Résumé

This study aimed to evaluate the qualitative phytochemical profile of the hydroethanolic extract of Annona senegalensis leaves and to validate its biological properties. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) analysis, quantification of phytochemical compounds, followed by in vivo evaluation of antioxidant, analgesic and neuroprotective activities were performed using standardized methods. HPTLC analysis revealed a rich profile of phenolic and terpenic compounds, with rutin and quercitrin identified as prominent constituents and further confirmed by spectrophotometric quantification. The confirmed phytochemical profile is closely correlated with in vitro antioxidant properties (IC50 of 27.81 ± 2.35 µg/mL) and significant inhibition of lipid peroxidation (70.84 ± 2.06%). The extract was well tolerated and showed anxiolytic and analgesic effects without producing sedation. The phenolic and terpenic constituents of the extract may contribute to its biological effects and to the ergogenic responses and metabolic adaptations observed under physical stress. These findings provide scientific support for the traditional use of Annona senegalensis Pers. in African medicine.

Mots-clés

Annona senegalensis Pers.; HPTLC; Adaptogen; Neuroprotection