Report on Neurosurgical Activity in the Surgical Emergency Department of the Bogodogo University Hospital Center in Ouagadougou From 2024 to 2025

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Résumé

Objective. The objective of our work was to present the results of neurosurgical activity in the surgical emergency department of the Bogodogo University Hospital Center in Ouagadougou over two years. Patients and methods. We conducted a retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study from January 1, 2024, to December 31, 2025. All patients diagnosed based on clinical and/or paraclinical data during the study period were included. The parameters studied were epidemiological, diagnostic, surgical and evolutionary. Results. A total of 1097 patients were included in the study. The mean age of our patients was 29.67 years, with a range from 4 months to 70 years. The sex ratio was 2.04. Tradespeople and students were the most represented socio-professional categories, with 403 cases (36.73%) and 375 cases (34.18%), respectively. Traumatic pathology was the most frequent in surgical emergencies and concerned 657 patients (59.90%) followed by degenerative pathology of the spine which was found in 209 patients (19.05%). The circumstances surrounding the occurrence of the head injuries were dominated by road traffic accidents and falls from height, respectively present in 401 patients (61.03%) and 111 patients (16.89%). Surgical treatment was performed in 12.67% of patients. The pathologies operated on were predominantly cases of head trauma, with 46 patients (33.09%). After an average follow-up of 12 months, the post-operative outcome was favorable with no sequelae in 62.58%, 7.91% neurological sequelae and 5.03% death. Conclusion. Neurosurgical activity in the surgical emergency department of Bogodogo University Hospital plays a significant role in the provision of specialized care, with nearly one in five patients admitted for a neurosurgical condition. Head injuries are the most common ailment, and road traffic accidents remain the leading cause. Strengthening human, material and organizational capacities appears essential in order to further improve neurosurgical care at the Bogodogo University Hospital and in Burkina Faso.

Mots-clés

Neurosurgical Activity, Trauma, Emergency, Bogodogo