Effect of growth hormones on micropropagation of a farmers referred local cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) cultivar from nodal explants in Burkina Faso

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Résumé

Adopting micropropagation methods to propagate local cassava (Manihot esculenta) cultivars of Burkina Faso could greatly enhance farmers’ access to high-quality cassava cuttings. However, the optimal composition of the growth medium may vary depending on the cassava genotype. This study aimed to assess the individual effects of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) on in vitro plantlet stem and root growth of the preferred local cassava cultivar ‘BFM260’. To achieve this, nodal explants were inoculated onto five media: one hormone-free control and four media supplemented with NAA or BAP. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of five treatments with three replications. Four weeks after, the hormone-free medium (M0) produced the longest root (60.20 ± 5.32 mm). The plantlets grown on the culture medium supplemented with 0.02 mg L-1 of NAA (M3) induced a 100% nodal explants regeneration rate, exhibited the longest stem (14 ± 2.84 mm) and produced the highest number of roots (3.6 ± 0.29). This medium was superior for overall plantlet architecture and multiplication potential. However, the high callus rate observed at the base of the plantlets produced on medium M3 requires that the survival rate of these plantlets during acclimatization be evaluated.

Mots-clés

Manihot esculenta, micropropagation, nodal explant, auxin, cytokinin