Soybean (Glycine max L. Merill) Productivity under Phospho-Potassium Fertilization in Burkina Faso

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Résumé

Background and Objective: The low availability of phosphorus and potassium in the soil, combined with the use of NPK formulas that are not specific to soybean cultivation, partly explain the low yield of this crop. In this context, an agronomic experiment was conducted in the field during the rainy seasons, with the aim of determining the effect of phosphorus-potassium combinations on the growth and yield of two soybean varieties. Materials and Methods: The experimental design used was a split plot with three replicates. Nine combinations formulated from three doses of P2O5 (30, 45 and 60 kg/ha) and three doses of K2O (30, 60 and 90 kg/ha) were applied to the plots. Unfertilized plots served as controls. Height, collar diameter, number of nodes and branches, foliage and seed yields and harvest index were evaluated. Data were analyzed using Excel 2016 and RStudio (v4.3.2) with two-way and one-way ANOVA, LSD test (p<0.05), PCA and D FA t o assess treatment effects and variable contributions. Results: The results showed a significant effect of the phosphorus-potassium combinations and a significant interaction between these combinations and the variety on the parameters evaluated. The best seed yield was obtained with 30 kg/ha of P2O5+30 kg/ha of K2O (1.83 t/ha) for G 196 and with 30 kg/ha of P2O5+30 kg/ha of K2O (3.42 t/ha) and 45 kg/ha of P2O5+90 kg/ha of K2O (3.30 t/ha) for G 197. Conclusion: Thus, the combination (30 kg/ha of P2O5+30 kg/ha of K2O) phosphorus-potassium combination could be recommended for soybean production in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Burkina Faso on soils similar to those used in this experiment.

Mots-clés

Soybean, phosphorus, potassium, growth, yield