In vitro assessment of Bambara groundnut M3 mutant genotypes for resistance to Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. in the seedling stage in Burkina Faso
- Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES) , 28 (6) : 141-149
Résumé
Bambara groundnut is one of the food legumes with significant nutritional potential. However, this crop is susceptible to numerous fungal diseases, particularly seedling blight caused by Macrophomina phaseolina. The objective of this study was to identify resistant genotypes to M. phaseolina. Thus, nineteen Bambara groundnut genotypes, including fifteen M3 mutants, were evaluated in vitro for their resistance to IS-246, an isolate of M. phaseolina that proved virulent in pathogenicity tests. Each genotype was sown into 10 glass dishes (500 mL) containing PDA culture medium, of which five dishes were inoculated with M. phaseolina, and five were left uninoculated as controls. The results showed that the germination rate ranged from 0% to 80%, with an average of 23.5% among the inoculated genotypes. In contrast, the germination rate of uninoculated genotypes ranged from 50% to 100%, with an average of 73.5%. The severity index ranged from 1.33 to 5 based on a scale of 0 to 5. The means separation test classified the genotypes into three groups: moderately resistant genotypes with severity indices between 1 and 2, the susceptible genotypes with severity scores between 3 and 4, and the highly susceptible genotypes with severity indices between 4 and 5. The genotypes KVS115_M3S12, KVS115_M3S6, KVS115_M3S5, and KVS259_M3S8, which showed moderate resistance, constitute a potential source of improvement for a Bambara groundnut breeding program in Burkina Faso.
Mots-clés
Bambara groundnut, Mutants, M. phaseolina, Resistance, Burkina Faso