OXIDATIVE STRESS REDUCTION AND ANTI-FATIGUE EFFECTS OF MEDICINAL PLANTS FROM BURKINA FASO USED TO ENHANCE PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE

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Résumé

Objective: Oxidative stress plays a central role in fatigue development and exercise-induced physiological dysfunction. This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical profiles, antioxidant properties, and exercise-induced anti-fatigue and stress-management activities of extracts from six African medicinal plants (Gardenia sokotensis Hutch, Cassia sieberiana DC, Ficus thonningii Miq., Bauhinia thonningii [Schumach.] Milne-Redh., Annona senegalensis Pers., and Securidaca longepedunculata Fres.).
Methods: Ethanolic and aqueous extracts were characterized for their total polyphenol, flavonoid, Vitamin C, and reducing sugar content. Antioxidant capacity was assessed by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging (IC50), and lipid peroxidation inhibition assay. The anti-fatigue and stress management effects were evaluated in vivo in mice using the forced swim test and the tail-suspension test. Data were analyzed using a Two-way analysis of variance, followed by Šídák’s post hoc test for multiple comparisons, after validation of normality (Shapiro–Wilk) and homogeneity of variances (Levene) (p<0.01).
Results: Significant variations were observed according to species, extraction methods, and solvents (p<0.001). Ethanolic extracts exhibited superior antioxidant activity in the majority of plant species. C. sieberiana DC showed the highest antioxidant capacity, followed by B. thonningii (Schumach.) Milne-Redh and A. senegalensis Pers. In vivo, pretreatment with extracts possessing high antioxidant potential significantly prolonged swimming endurance and reduced immobility time.
Conclusion: These results demonstrate a close association between the antioxidant activities induced by phenolic compounds and functional improvements in fatigue- or stress-related behaviors, justifying the potential of these plants to alleviate physical fatigue.

Mots-clés

Phytochemicals, Antioxidant, Oxidative stress, Anti-fatigue.