Prevalence of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Salmonella spp</i> Strains Isolated from Chicken Feces and Their Resistance to Antibiotics by Cefotaximase (CTX-M) Enzyme Production

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Résumé

The Increase in antibiotic resistance is a threat to the world health. Some resistant bacteria have the ability to transfer from animals to humans either through their stool or through their flesh. The spread and emergence of antibiotic resistance is therefore a public health problem. For this study, a total of 101 chickens were randomly selected from the busiest recreation areas of Ouagadougou and fresh chicken droppings taken directly from the animal's intestines were collected. Of the samples analyzed, 78.21% and 9.90% respectively contained <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Salmonella spp</i>. For the 10 isolates of <i>Salmonella spp</i>, a resistance to CTX-M of 10%, 10% to CAZ, 10% to CRO and finally 70% resistant to AMC was observed. For the 79 strains of <i>Escherichia coli</i>, it was observed an absence of resistance to CTX-M, 3.79% to CAS, 3.79% to CRO and 84.81% of strain resistant to AMC. Four (4) mutil-resistant strains were identified and resistance genes were observed in 2 of these strains. The study revealed the presence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase genes in Enterobacteriaceae contained in chicken feces. A high consumption of flambé chickens infected or contaminated by these germs is then likely to increase the risk of development and spread of bacteria resistant to antibiotics in humans.

Mots-clés

Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Biology, Microbiology, Feces, Antibiotic resistance, Enterobacteriaceae, Antibiotics, Bacteria, Gene, Genetics