Community-Acquired Acute Kidney Injury in Hospitalized Children at the University Hospital of Tengandogo (Burkina Faso)
- International journal of nephrology and kidney failure , 11 (1) : 1-5
Résumé
Abstract
Introduction: In low- and middle-income countries, Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in children is associated with increased morbidity and mortality.
Objective: To study the incidence, clinical profile and short-term outcomes of community-acquired acute kidney injury in hospitalized children in
Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Patients and methods: We conducted a three-year retrospective study from October 31, 2018, to September 30, 2021. All pediatric inpatients, aged
29 days to 15 years, who met the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2012 criteria for AKI were included.
Results: A total of 41 children were included, with an incidence of 13.66 cases per 1000 hospitalizations. The mean age was 6.89 ± 7 years, with a
sex-ratio of 2.15. Fever was present in 85.36% of patients. Diarrhea and vomiting, as well as oliguria/anuria, were present in 31.71% of cases. Mean
blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels were 31.14 ± 19.72 mmol/L and 764.42 ± 440.22 μmol/L, respectively. All patients had stage 3 AKI.
The main etiologies of AKI were malaria (58.53%) and sepsis (19.51%). Seventeen (41.46%) patients underwent hemodialysis sessions, the primary
indications for which were azotemia (88.23%) and severe metabolic acidosis (70.58%). Children who received hemodialysis were significantly older
(p=0.033) and had higher mean plasma creatinine (p=0.003) and hemoglobin levels (p=0.029) at admission. At discharge, complete renal recovery
was observed in 36.58% of patients. The in-hospital mortality rate was 4.88%.
Conclusion: In our setting, community-acquired AKI was stage 3 in all children and of infectious origin in the majority of cases. Conventional
hemodialysis was the only renal replacement therapy available due to resource constraints.
Keywords: Community-Acquired Acute Kidney Injury; Children; Burkina Faso
Mots-clés
Community-Acquired Acute Kidney Injury; Children; Burkina Faso