<p>Genotype Analysis of Clinical <em>Candida albicans</em> Isolates Using PCRs Targeting 25S rDNA and ALT Repeat Sequences of the RPS and Antifungal Susceptibility in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)</p>

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Résumé

OBJECTIVE: using PCRs targeting 25S rDNA and ALT repeat sequences of the RPS and to establish their azoles and polyenes susceptibility profile. MATERIAL AND METHODS: isolates were genotyped using specific PCR primers of the rDNA and RPS genes. RESULTS: were found in our study: The most common RPS types are A3 (40.6%), A2 (24.0%) and A2/3 (14.6%) for genotype A, B2/3 (5.2%) for genotype B and C2 (3.2%) for genotype C. The Azole resistance, especially fluconazole (74.4%), was the most common with genotype A, including A3 (36.6%), A2 (18. 3%). Polyene resistance was rare with nystatin, only A3 (1.2%) resistant isolate to nystatin was observed. For amphotericin B, the highest observed resistance rates were A3 (11.0%) and A2/3 (8.5%) for the genotype A and B2 (10.0%), B3 (10.0%) and B2/3 (10.0%) for genotype B. CONCLUSION: resistance to azoles, especially to fluconazole, is an important phenomenon in Ouagadougou, and several genotypes RPS types are involved. Thus, fluconazole would not be an antifungal agent for first-line prescribing for treatment of candidiasis in Ouagadougou. This study will be continued to determine the molecular mechanisms involved in these antifungal resistances, for further research of new molecules with different action targets.

Mots-clés

Candida albicans, Genotype, Antifungal, Biology, Microbiology, Gene, Genetics