Behavioral and phenotypic responses of Anopheles coluzzii (Diptera: Culicidae) to the non-consumptive effects of Anisops jaczewskii (Hemiptera: Notonectidae) and Pantala flavescens (Odonata: Libellulidae) in Burkina Faso

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Résumé

During their aquatic life stages, mosquitoes coexist with various organisms that may prey upon them. Beyond the direct predation risk, exposure to predators may induce stress that alters mosquito life history traits. In this study, we evaluated the
non-consumptive effects of 2 aquatic predators on Anopheles coluzzii Coetzee & Wilkerson life history traits and the ability of
gravid females to avoid predators when searching for oviposition sites. To assess the phenotypic effects of exposure to predation by Anisops jaczewskii Hutchinson and Pantala flavescens (Fabricius), 1,000 wild strain, and 1,000 laboratory strain An.
coluzzii larvae were separately exposed to one of the predators for 72 h, after which 300 larvae from each strain were monitored
until pupation and emergence. The predators, A. jaczewskii and P. flavescens, significantly prolonged the development time
of both wild and laboratory An. coluzzii, with a more pronounced effect on the laboratory strain. Predator exposure also reduced
adult size in the laboratory strain but not in the wild strain. Gravid females used various cues from predators to select oviposition sites. Our study showed that predators may have phenotypic and behavioral effects on An. coluzzii

Mots-clés

predation, Anopheles coluzzii, non-consumptive effect, Burkina Faso