Aqueous Extract of Zingiber officinale Roscoe Rhizomes Sold in Ouagadougou Markets: Phytochemical Constituents, Effect on Arterial Pressure and Blood Biochemical Parameters of Wistar Rats

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Résumé

Biochemical parameters were performed using Mindray BA-88A, Semi-auto Chemistry Analyzer.
Triterpenes and/or sterols, and saponosides were present in aqueous extract of the plant. We also
found very significative hypotension effect on rat mean arterial pressure, when plant extract was
administered at 400 mg/kg bw (p ˂ 0.01). When extract was administered after a hypertension
induced by L-NAME, we observed a high significative antihypertensive effect (p ˂ 0.001) at 200
and 400 mg/kg bw. This effect was comparable to captopril inhibition of L-NAME induced
hypertension. However, in all cases, we did not observe any significative variation of heart rate. For
biochemical parameters, we did not find any effect, excepted a significant increase of phosphoremia at 400 mg/kg bw and after L-NAME administration (highly significant). Our results
confirm literature data and corroborate traditional uses of Z. officinale sold in Ouagadougou markets. They suggest that antihypertensive effect of AEZO is mainly supported by vascular
physiology components.

Mots-clés

Zingiber officinale; L-NAME; phytochemical constituents; antihypertensive effect; biochemical parameters