Outcome in Newborns of Mothers with Sickle Cell Disease in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso: A Retrospective Study from 2019 to 2023

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Résumé

Sickle cell disease affects 5% to 10% of the population in Burkina Faso. There
has been remarkable progress in reducing mortality associated with this condition.
However, survival in pregnant women with sickle cell disease is still a
challenge. Moreover, little is known of the outcome of their children in the
early moment of life. A retrospective study was conducted from January 1,
2019 to December 31, 2023. Newborns born at Yalgado Ouedraogo hospital’s
maternity whose mothers had a major sickle cell syndrome were included. A
bivariate and multivariate analysis was used to determine factors associated
with newborn deaths (P-value ≤ 5%). A total of 656 newborns were included,
with an annual frequency of 141. Mothers’ mean age was 26 years, 91% had
hemoglobin SC and 21% had vaso-occlusive crisis at admission in the maternity
ward. Newborns were males in 51%, and the mean birth weight of newborns
was 2705 g [extremes 845 and 4700 g]. In multivariate analysis, factors
significantly associated with neonatal deaths were maternal vaso-occlusive crisis
on admission (OR = 3.39; P-value = 0.032), low birth weight (P-value =
0.027), acute respiratory distress (P-value = 0.011) and prematurity (P-value =
0.018) in newborns

Mots-clés

Sickle Cell, Mother, Newborn, Ouagadougou