[Metabolic disorders and cardiovascular risk factors observed in patients infected by the HIV with antiretroviral therapy in Burkina Faso].

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Résumé

The purpose of this descriptive transverse study is to describe metabolic disorders and cardiovascular risk factors in HIV-infected patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy in the day-care unit of the University Hospital of Ouagadougou, Burkina-Faso. A total of 100 patients (Burkinavi cohort) undergoing antiretroviral therapy with a minimum of 42-months of follow-up (October 2005 to Mars 2009) were included. There were 77 females and 33 males with a mean age of 37 years. Most patients, i.e., 95%, were positive for HIV1. Mean body mass index was 22 kg/m2. Mean CD4 count was 280/mm3. Viral load was undetectable in 66 of the 71 patients who underwent viral load testing. Retroviral therapy consisted of the TriomuneR combination (Stavudine + lamivudine + névirapine) at a fixed dose in 27 cases. Cardiovascular risk factors included family history of high arterial blood pressure in 5 patients, smoking in 4, and obesity in 8. During follow-up, seven patients presented hypertension. Metabolic disorders included hyperglycemia (4%), hypertriglyceridemia (17%) and hypercholesterolemia (14%). Lipodystrophia was noted for 6 patients. Despite the short follow-up period, metabolic disorders and cardiovascular risk factors were observed at our patients under antiretroviral therapy.

Mots-clés

Medicine, Stavudine, Hypertriglyceridemia, Lamivudine, Internal medicine, Metabolic syndrome, Viral load, Dyslipidemia, Body mass index, Antiretroviral therapy, Obesity, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Immunology, Cholesterol, Triglyceride