Aedes aegypti breeding site typology and their productivity in the context of re-emergence of dengue in Ouagadougou, the capital city of Burkina Faso

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Résumé

Dengue has re-emerged in recent years in Burkina Faso, and the capital city
Ouagadougou is the most affected city. In the absence of an effective vaccine and
treatment, control of the Aedes vector through larval source management remains one
of the key sustainable strategies for responding to dengue outbreaks. This study aims
to determine the typology and keys Aedes immature productive water-holding
containers in the city of Ouagadougou.
A total of 240 households in the health districts of Bogodogo and Nongr-Massom
were visited during the period from August to November 2021 and all the water-
holding containers were inspected, characterised, and immature stages were collected.
The stegomyia indices were estimated, and larval breeding sites typology and
productivity were assessed.
Aedes aegypti (>99%) was the predominant species and colonised various types of
water-holding containers. However discarded containers and car tyres represented the
most abundant and productive breeding sites (p < 0. 001). The main entomological
risk indices, the Breteau index, container index and house index were all above WHO
threshold values during the study period.
These findings underscore the high entomological risk of dengue and other arboviral
diseases transmission and highlight car tyres and discarded containers as key breeding
sites to be targeted in the implementation of a sustainable arboviral disease control
strategy in Burkina Faso.

Mots-clés

Aedes aegypti, key breeding, stegomyia indices, dengue, Ouagadougou