Multiple resistance and influence of breeding sites on pyrethroids resistance in Aedes aegypti from Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso,

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Résumé

Abstract
Background Aedes aegypti, the primary vector of Dengue fever in Burkina Faso, breeds in a variety of domestic
and peri-domestic water holding containers. The influence of these water containers on the mosquitoes’ ability to sur-
vive exposure to chemical insecticides remains unclear. This study investigated the insecticide susceptibility profile
of Aedes aegypti in relation to larval habitat types in three districts of Ouagadougou.
Methods Adult females reared from larvae collected in “domestic containers” and “car tires” were exposed separately
to papers impregnated with deltamethrin, pirimiphos-methyl, and bendiocarb to determine their susceptibility pro-
files. A subsample of mosquitoes per locality and container type was screened for the F1534C, V1016I and V410L kdr
mutations involved in pyrethroid resistance.
Results Mosquito population from the three localities showed high resistance to deltamethrin and pirimiphos-
methyl and moderate resistance to bendiocarbe, with mortality rates ranging from 15% to 27%, 21% to 33% and 67%
to 86%, respectively. Mosquitoes from the "domestic containers" were significantly more resistant to deltamethrin
than those from tires (10% vs. 22%, p < 0.002). The frequency of the 1534C mutation was also significantly higher
in the "domestic containers" compared to those from tires (0.88 vs. 0.76, p =
0.013).The other mutations 1016I
and 410L, were reported with an overall frequency of 0.51 and 0.36, respectively.
Conclusions These findings suggest that larval habitat type may influence both the level and mechanisms of resist-
ance in Aedes aegypti. This has important implications for the design of targeted vector control strategies in dengue-
endemic settings.
Keywords Aedes aegypti, Dengue, Insecticides resistance, Kdr mu
tations, Breeding containers, Ouagadougou

Mots-clés

Aedes aegypti, Dengue, Insecticides resistance, Kdr mu tations, Breeding containers, Ouagadougou