Disturbances in lipid parameters of chronic renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

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Résumé

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergoing dialysis are at high risk for cardiovascular disease
associated with dyslipidemia. The study therefore undertook to assess lipid profile disturbances in
hemodialysis patients in Ouagadougou. A case-control study with 51 hemodialysis patients and 51
controls was conducted. Sociodemographic data from the controls were collected during the predonation medical interview and from the hemodialysis patients after an interview and review of medical
records. For biological parameters, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and
triglycerides were measured using an enzymatic method. Low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL-C)
and the atherogenicity index were calculated. The mean age of the study population was 40.11 ± 10.29
years, with a male predominance (59.80%). Dialysis patients were older (45.35 ± 10.2 years) compared to
controls (34.86 ± 7.5 years). The mean duration of dialysis was 2.98 ± 1.29 years. Pathological
antecedents included hypertension (100%), cardiac disease (29.41%), and diabetes (7.84%). The mean
values of total cholesterol and LDL-C were significantly lower in dialysis patients compared to controls.
The prevalence of dyslipidemia among dialysis patients was 47.06%, and the most common lipid
abnormalities were hypo-HDLemia (25.49%), total hypercholesterolemia (13.73%), and hyper-LDLemia
(5.88%). The results of our study show that the lipid profile of hemodialysis patients is characterized by
significant lipoprotein accumulation.

Mots-clés

Dyslipidemia, chronic kidney disease (CKD), hemodialysis patients, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol