Characterisation of the breeding sites and insecticide resistance of Aedes aegypti population in the city of Bobo-Dioulaso, Burkina Faso

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Résumé

The first epidemic of dengue occurred in Burkina Faso in 1925 and the most recent in 2016.
However, there is little available information on the bio-ecology of the main dengue vector
and the prevalence of the disease in the country. For better understanding the entomological
situations of the main dengue vector Aedes aegypti during the last epidemic of dengue, a
cross-sectional study was conducted in Bobo-Dioulasso from November to December 2016.
The goals of this study included: i) searching for water containers, and classifying them
according to their type and location (indoors or outdoors); ii) examining the containers for
the presence of Aedes larvae and iii) evaluating the susceptibility to insecticides mainly used
in public health. Our results showed that discarded artefacts and automobile parts filled
with rain water were breeding grounds for Ae. aegypti while indoor containers were mud
pots (domestic purposes). The other breeding sites were metal drums, paraffin tins and
mud pots. Moreover, the adults of Ae. aegypti population from these breeding sites were
resistant to organochlorines, carbamates and pyrethroids, but fully susceptible to organophosphates. Our data could provide useful information for national programmes in strategy
development.

Mots-clés

epidemic, dengue, insecticide, Aedes aegypti, Burkina Faso.