Smart communities and cities is a topic widely presented in the scientific litterature. Numerous works have
been done presenting the concept of smart city. But there is still a need concerning the matter of data integration in smart communities and cities. In this paper, we have presented the Users application layer pattern, the Integration middleware layer pattern, and the Data source layer pattern for data integration in smart cities.

African Communities and cities, semantic data integration, Semantic interoperability, data exchange, Africa Smart communities and cities patterns