In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of indigenous pig populations in Burkina Faso's Central region, with the aim of understanding their morphological and qualitative characteristics, genetic diversity, and implications for local pig farming. We employed a variety of methods, including morphometric measurements, principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering, and linear discriminant analysis, to investigate these aspects. Our findings revealed significant sexual dimorphism
among the pigs, with females generally displaying broader thoracic perimeter. Moreover, there was substantial morphological diversity among pigs from different localities, suggesting likely adaptations to specific environmental conditions and breeding practices. Through PCA, we highlighted the complex interplay of morphometric traits contributing to this diversity. Hierarchical clustering analysis categorized the pig population into three distinct clusters, each associated with unique morphological traits and geographic origins, hinting at the presence of different genetic types or breeding practices. However, linear discriminant analysis indicated that gene flow and exchange among communities play a significant role in shaping the population. Qualitative traits such as coat color, tusks, coat patterns, and others underscored the diversity within the pig population. Notably, a shift in coat color distribution was observed, potentially due to crossbreeding with exotic pig breeds.

Essential oils; Chemical composition; Antibacterial activity; Synergism