We demonstrated that phenolics extracts from skin and grapes extracts with an ingestion dose of 21,4 mg/kg Body Weight (corresponding to a moderate daily consumption of 500 mL polyphenols richest red wine) for the fructose fed rats (a metabolic syndrome model) were able to correct overproduction of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species), the surexpression of cardiac NADPH oxidase, as well as insulin resistance (HOMA index), hypertriglyceridemia and the reduction of HDL cholesterol. In the present study, we evaluated the effects on the same parameters for 4 polyhenolics molecules: delphinidin (anthocyanine), gallic acid (phenolic acid), resveratrol (stilbene) and (+)-catechin (monomeric unit of tanin). Males rats fed an enrich Fructose diet (60%) and were: not treated (group F), or treated during 6 weeks (force feeding) by 2,14 mg/kg of delphinidin (FD), gallic acid (FAG), resveratrol (FR) or catechin (FC). The control group received (C) a standard food. The 4 polyphénols used normalized ROS production (lucigenin technic) and the NADPH oxidase expression (Western blot) cardiac and subunits gp91 and the p22phox. To obtain an efficient effect on hypertension prevention (blood pressure) by phenolic compounds from red wine the mixed of phenolics molecules is important (synergic action). Delphinidin and gallic acid are the 2 molecules of the study showing a favourable correction effect respectively on HDL cholesterol and blood pressure. The HOMA index was reduced in the groups: FD, FAG to a level not significant different of C group. The cholestérol HDL level was increased in groups FD, FG, FR et FC with a level not differently significant than group C. TG/HDL, (inversely bind with VLDL catabolism was multiplicated by 4 in the group F by comparison to group C and lowest for the groups FD and FG to a level none significatively different of group C). Administered with a dose 10 times lowest than those of skins and grape extracts, the 4 phenolics molecules and their blend have demonstrated a preventive effect on the tissular ROS surproduction correlated with their subunits. Our results suggested equally an effect on the glucidic and lipidic metabolisms that need to be further study on the basis of the relation dose-effect.

Oenology, polyphenols, delphinidin (anthocyanine), gallic acid (phenolic acid), resveratrol (stilbene), catechin (tanin)