Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive cocci. It is a bacteria responsible for a wide variety of community or nosocomial diseases, sometimes benign or severe. In 2014, according to World Health Organization (WHO), more than 80% of S. aureus infections were found to be resistant to meticillin in some African regions. The objective of this work was to study the prevalence and resistance profile of MRSA strains of pus at Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pédiatrique Charles De Gaulle (CHUP-CDG). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, running from January 01, 2019 to December 31, 2022. Classical bacteriology techniques such as Gram stain, and culture were used. Antibiogram was performed according to « Comité de l'Antibiogramme de la Société Française de Microbiologie (CA-SFM) ». Excel software was used for data analysis. Results: Of 787 S. aureus strains previously identified, 67 were resistant to meticillin. Of them, 36 (54%) were male. The most affected age group was 1 to 24 months, with a frequency of 49%. Community MRSA cases showed high resistance to trimethoprim sulfametoxazole (73%) and norfloxacin (60%), good susceptibility to gentamicin (92) and clindamycin (87%). In contrast, for hospital MRSA, we observed moderate resistance to erythromycin (46%) and norfloxacin (43%), as well as sensitivity to clindamycin (85%), gentamicin (73%) and trimethoprim sulfametoxazole (69%). The resistance phenotypes observed were Efflux phenotype with a frequency of 20.9%, Kanamycin - Tobramycin - Gentamicin (KTG) phenotype (11.5%) and Macrolide - Lincosamide -Streptogramin (MLS) group (10.4%). Conclusions: This study showed the level of MRSA in CHUP CDG. In addition, the strains presented some multiresistance to various molecules such as sulfonamides, aminosides and macrolides. To limit the incidence of S. aureus infections, it was suggested to the Ministry of Health; to set up a national committee which will follow-up nosocomial infections of MRSA. Similarly, population has been invited to avoid self-medication in order to reduce the frequency of MRSA strains both in hospitals and community settings in Burkina Faso.

Prevalence, MRSA, Pus, CHUP, Charles De Gaulle