[en] Biocompatibility and preliminary toxicity of a novel gentamicin-loaded monoolein gel (implant) intended for the local treatment of chronic osteomyelitis were investigated in mice. The mice, randomly allotted in 3 groups of 10, received respectively a single dose (0.05 mL) of normal saline, monoolein and the gel by subplantar injection. Clinical monitoring and assessment of induced oedema were carried out during 52 days after implantation. A histologic examination of the implantation site was performed at the end of the experiment. Renal and hepatic functions of the implant were also assessed on 52 days post-implantation by using biochemical and histological methods. In mice, no adverse reaction occurred after implantation. Only, a transitional foreign body reaction was observed in mice implanted by the monoolein and the implant. The paw volume of the mice increased within 3 h post …