This study was designed to promote the use of Cochlospermum planchonii in the treatment of malaria through a comparative phytochemical and pharmacological study of its rhizomes and leafy stems extracts. The antihemolytic and anti- hemozoin formation activities of the methanolic extracts of the leafy stems and rhizomes collected in six different localities of Bobo dioulasso were measured in vitro. The total phenolics and flavonoids contents were measured spectrophotometrically. The phytochemical fingerprints of extracts were compared by thin layer chromatography and infrared spectroscopy. The rhizomes extracts were more active than the leafy stem extracts in the inhibition of hemozoin formation and erythrocytes hemolysis (P <0.05). Regarding to the phytochemical screening, the leafy stems extracts exhibited the highest total flavonoids and phenolics contents in the majority of the collect sites. The thin layer chromatography analysis showed the presence of gallic acid and kaempferol in the rhizomes extracts while hyperoside has been identified in the leafy stem extracts. In addition, the principal component analysis of the infrared spectra showed that the phytochemical fingerprint of the leafy stem and rhizomes extracts was different. C. planchonii rhizomes and leafy stems are potent sources of antimalarial drug and present differences in their phytochemical composition.

anti-hemolytic, Cochlospermum planchonii, hemozoin, malaria