Antimicrobial resistance is a global concern word wild. New antibacterials are urgently needed to fight
this problem. Indeed, medicinal plants are a potential source of new antimicrobial molecules. The objective of
this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of extracts of five aromatic and medicinal plants from
Burkina Faso. Phytochemical screening by solution reactions in test tubes and by Thin Layer Chromatography
was performed. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluated by the impregnated disc diffusion
method and the microdilution method. Phytochemical screening of the extracts of the different plants studied
allowed the identification of secondary metabolites such as tannins, flavonoids, and saponosides. The methanol
extract of E. camaldulensis showed the best antimicrobial activity against Gram + bacteria, especially against
Staphylococcus saprophyticus with an inhibition zone diameter of 16.33 mm and a Minimum Inhibitory
Concentration (MIC) of 156 μg/ml. Then, the methanol extract of C. nardus showed the best inhibitory activity
on the Gram- Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 with an inhibition zone diameter of 11.66 ± 0.57 mm. These
results could justify the traditional use of the studied plants in the treatment of certain pathologies in public
health. In perspective, a bioguided fractionation of the active extracts will be performed to isolate and elucidate
the structure of the compounds responsible for the activity.
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